Pre-Columbian Civilizations Encyclopedia Maker
Home:
- Maya Temple (Image). Retrieved from: https://pixabay.com/en/chichen-itza-pyramid-mexico-aztecs-323150/
- Aztec Warrior (Image). Retrieved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AztecLeopardWarriorv2byGeorgeSStuartt.jpg
- Machu Pichu (Image). Retrieved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3A1_pano_machu_picchu_morning_mist_2014.jpg
Introduction:
- Maya Civilization Map (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_civilization#/media/File:Maya_civilization_location_map_-_geography.svg
- Aztec Empire Map (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec
- Machu Pichu (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_road_system
- Introduction to the Maya (Text). "Mayan Civilization." New World Encyclopedia, . 27 Sep 2014, 19:41 UTC. 2 Oct 2015, 18:43 <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Mayan_Civilization&oldid=984609>.
- Introduction to the Aztecs (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Aztec Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified February 26, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Aztec_Civilization/.
- Introduction to the Inca (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Inca Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified September 15, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Inca_Civilization/.
Pre-Columbian Warfare:
-Spanish Soldiers and their Tlaxcalan Allies (Image) located Page 1: Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec_Empire
-Portrait of Athualpa (Image) located Inca History: Retrieved from: _; produced by "Ataw Wallpa portrait" by book of Liselotte Engel. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg#/media/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg
- Section on Incan Warfare (Text). "Inca Government and Economy." Early Civilizations in the Americas Reference Library. Ed. Sonia G. Benson, Sarah Hermsen, and Deborah J. Baker. Vol. 1: Almanac, Vol. 1. Detroit: UXL, 2005. 179-198. World History in Context. Web. 3 Oct. 2015.
***This source comes from an article on Inca Government and economy that is not licenseced under Creative Commons in the way that most sites here are. It is instead used under Fair Share regulations because the section on Inca Military reproduced here only constitues 346 of 5,807 words in the aforementioned article and thus falls within the reugulation of <10% or a thousand words of the cited source.
- Opposing Incan Armies (Image). "MapvsInc" by Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala - English wikipedia. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MapvsInc.JPG#/media/File:MapvsInc.JPG
-Portrait of Moctezuma (Image). located Aztec History: Retrieved from; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moctezuma_Xocoyotzin_Newberry.jpg
- Aztec Warrior Illustration (Image). Retrieved from; "Jaguar warrior" by Unknown - FAMSI website (Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc.). Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jaguar_warrior.jpg#/media/File:Jaguar_warrior.jpg
- Aztec Warfare (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Aztec Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified February 26, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Aztec_Civilization/.
Pre-Columbian Religion:
- Maya Temple (Image). Retrieved from: https://pixabay.com/en/chichen-itza-yucatan-maya-mexican-683200/
- Mayan Sun God Sculpture (Image). Retrieved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MayanSunGodEffigyClip.jpg
- Mayan Observatory (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_astronomy
- Maya Religion Article (Text). "Mayan Civilization." New World Encyclopedia, . 27 Sep 2014, 19:41 UTC. 2 Oct 2015, 18:43 <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Mayan_Civilization&oldid=984609>.
-Portrait of Athualpa (Image) located Inca History: Retrieved from: _; produced by "Ataw Wallpa portrait" by book of Liselotte Engel. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg#/media/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg
- Pachacamac (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Lima
Inca Religion Article (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Inca Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified September 15, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Inca_Civilization/.
Pre-Columbian Government:
-Mayan Palace (Image). Located Page 1; Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_city
-Portrait of Athualpa (Image) located Inca History: Retrieved from: _; produced by "Ataw Wallpa portrait" by book of Liselotte Engel. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg#/media/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg
Inca Government Article (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Inca Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified September 15, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Inca_Civilization/.
- Statue of Pachacuti (Image). "Pachacutec statue, Aguas Calientes, Peru" by D. Gordon E. Robertson - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Commons- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pachacutec_statue,_Aguas_Calientes,_Peru.jpg#/media/File:Pachacutec_statue,_Aguas_Calientes,_Peru.jpg
-Statue depicting a Mayan King (Image): Retrieved from: "CopanNSouthCatherwood". Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CopanNSouthCatherwood.jpg#/media/File:CopanNSouthCatherwood.jpg
-Mayan Government Article (Text). Retrieved from: https://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/exhibits/aztec/maya_politics.html under the Creative Commons Licensing outlined here; https://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/usage
-Mayan Sculpture (Image). Retrieved from; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chak%C3%A1n_Putum
Pre-Columbian Economy:
-View of Tlatelolco (Image). Located Page 1; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Murales_Rivera_-_Markt_in_Tlatelolco_3.jpg
--Portrait of Moctezuma (Image). located Aztec History: Retrieved from; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moctezuma_Xocoyotzin_Newberry.jpg
Letter from Cortez on Aztec Economy (Text). This comes from a book with the following citation Cortes, Hernan. Fernando Cortes, His Five Letters of Relation to the Emperor Charles V. Vol. 1. A.H. Clark Company, 1908. 257-259. I have access to this book for free via Google Books. I believe that copyrights to the information produced here have expired anyway as the book was published in 1908 (more than 100 years ago).
- Portrait of Hernan Cortes (Image). Retireved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grabado_de_Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s.jpg
-Tlaxcalan Market (Image). Retrieved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tlaxcala_-_Palacio_de_Gobierno_-_Indianerh%C3%A4ndler.jpg
-Portrait of Athualpa (Image) located Inca History: Retrieved from: _; produced by "Ataw Wallpa portrait" by book of Liselotte Engel. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg#/media/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg
-Incan Economy/Agriculture Article (Text). "Inca Civilization." New World Encyclopedia, . 8 Aug 2015, 16:06 UTC. 3 Oct 2015, 21:30 <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Inca_Civilization&oldid=989948>.
-Peruvian Potatoes (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_society
Pre-Columbian Gender Roles:
-Aztec woman making maize (Image). Located Page 1; Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Aztec_civilization
--Portrait of Moctezuma (Image). located Aztec History: Retrieved from; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moctezuma_Xocoyotzin_Newberry.jpg
Picture from the Codex Mendoza (Image) and Annotation (Text) both retireved from "Gender Roles among the Nahua in the Codex Mendoza [Painting]," in Children and Youth in History, Item #276, http://chnm.gmu.edu/cyh/case-studies/276 (accessed October 4, 2015). Annotated by Dana Leibsohn
-Portrait of Athualpa (Image) located Inca History: Retrieved from: _; produced by "Ataw Wallpa portrait" by book of Liselotte Engel. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg#/media/File:Ataw_Wallpa_portrait.jpg
-Section on Incan Gender Roles (Text). "Daily Life in the Inca Empire." Early Civilizations in the Americas Reference Library. Ed. Sonia G. Benson, Sarah Hermsen, and Deborah J. Baker. Vol. 1: Almanac, Vol. 1. Detroit: UXL, 2005. 221-240. World History in Context. Web. 4 Oct. 2015.http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/whic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?zid=bf3dd98047904fa6872f6173d833862a&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CCX3424400022&source=Bookmark&u=seat24826&jsid=467df86d44ce623416d769a735304fa6***This source comes from an article on Daily life for people in the Inca Empire that is not licenseced under Creative Commons in the way that most sites used in this webquest are. It is instead used under Fair Share regulations because the section on Inca Gender Roles reproduced here only constitues 573 of 5,827 words in the aforementioned article and thus falls within the reugulation of <10% or a thousand words of the cited source.
-Incan Princess (Image). Retrieved from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peru_-_Inca_Princess_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg
Pre-Columbian Art & Architecture:
-Double-headed Serpent (Image). Located Page 1;"Double headed turquoise serpentAztecbritish museum" by Geni - Photo by user:geni. Licensed under GFDL via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Double_headed_turquoise_serpentAztecbritish_museum.jpg#/media/File:Double_headed_turquoise_serpentAztecbritish_museum.jpg
--Portrait of Moctezuma (Image). located Aztec History: Retrieved from; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moctezuma_Xocoyotzin_Newberry.jpg
- Aztec Art and Architecture (Text). Mark Cartwright. “Aztec Civilization,” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Last modified February 26, 2014. http://www.ancient.eu /Aztec_Civilization/.
- Statue of Xochipili (Image). "Statue of Xochipilli (From the National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City)" by By gripso_banana_prune Antony Stanley - http://www.flickr.com/photos/antonystanley/2105549511/. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Statue_of_Xochipilli_(From_the_National_Museum_of_Anthropology,_Mexico_City).jpg#/media/File:Statue_of_Xochipilli_(From_the_National_Museum_of_Anthropology,_Mexico_City).jpg
-Statue depicting a Mayan King (Image): Retrieved from: "CopanNSouthCatherwood". Licensed under Public Domain via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CopanNSouthCatherwood.jpg#/media/File:CopanNSouthCatherwood.jpg
-Section on Maya Art and Architecture (Text). - Introduction to the Maya (Text). "Mayan Civilization." New World Encyclopedia, . 27 Sep 2014, 19:41 UTC. 2 Oct 2015, 18:43 <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Mayan_Civilization&oldid=984609>.
-Classical Mayan Art (Image). Retrieved from: "Cancuenpanel3" by User:Authenticmaya~commonswiki - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.5 via Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cancuenpanel3.jpg#/media/File:Cancuenpanel3.jpg
-Ball Court (Image). Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coba